| herbs, or low spineless shrubs; NOT [shrub with spiny
branches, 1-2 m high] |
| plants not prickly; NOT [plant prickly from the
spine-tipped thread-like leaves and from bracts] |
| plants lacking white or hyaline scales; NOT [plants
heavily encrusted with white or hyaline scales] |
| plants essentially glabrous, sometimes puberulent,
greenish grey to purple, becoming almost black at maturity; NOT [plants
green, covered (more or less) with a fine stellate pubescence] |
| stems not fleshy |
| stems not jointed |
| stems not tomentose to densely villous |
| leaves mostly alternate; NOT [leaves opposite] |
| leaves not reduced to scales |
| leaves circular in cross section |
| leaves fleshy |
| NOT [flowers axillary and sunk into the fleshy stem] |
| flowers not subtended by scarious bracts |
| bracts with a pale, but not hyaline, margin; NOT
[bracts with a conspicuous hyaline margin] |
| bracteoles lacking, or if present, merely subtending
and not enclosing flower and fruit; NOT [pistillate flowers enclosed
within a pair of bracteoles, occasionally 3] |
| calyx with 3-5 sepals; NOT [calyx with only one sepal] |
| sepals greenish, herbaceous or fleshy; NOT [sepals
scarious, dry and membranous] |
| mature calyx without wings or spines; NOT [mature calyx
with wings, or minute spines] |
| flowers perfect |
| at least some flowers with more than one stamen
|