Canescens: Answers to key questions in Budd's Flora leading to this species. 

	perennial plants; NOT [annual plants]
	plant not very leafy; NOT [plant very leafy]
	leaves linear to oblong; NOT [leaves lanceolate]
	flowers bright yellow or orange; NOT [flowers dull greenish yellow]
	corolla tube longer than calyx; NOT [corolla tube not longer than calyx]
	lobes of corolla entire, neither fringed nor toothed; NOT [lobes of corolla either fringed or toothed]
	nutlets smooth; NOT [nutlets wrinkled]
	nutlets white; NOT [nutlets brown]

Lithospermum: Answers to key questions in Budd's Flora  and Flora of Alberta leading to this genus. 

	plants usually rough-hairy; NOT [plants glabrous]
	upper leaves alternate; NOT [upper leaves opposite or in whorls of three]
	leaves oblong-lanceolate; NOT [leaves ovate-lanceolate]
	flowers several-many, in axillary or terminal, frequently raceme-like, cymes; NOT [flowers mostly solitary (2-4), axillary] (FOA)
	flowers in leafy cymes; NOT [flowers in non-leafy cymes, with or without small bracts] (FOA)
	flowers larger, 8-15 mm across; NOT [flowers small, 3-5 mm across]
	corolla yellow or orange; NOT [corolla white or greenish white]
	corolla lobes rounded; NOT [corolla lobes acute]
	style included; NOT [style conspicuously exserted]
	ovary deeply divided into 4 lobes; NOT [ovary merely grooved]
	style arising from the center of (and between) the ovary lobes; NOT [style arising from the top of the ovary]
	nutlets lacking hooked prickles

Boraginaceae: Answers to key questions in Budd's Flora  leading to this family. 

	herbs; NOT [shrubs or trees]
	plants green or with some chlorophyll; NOT [plants parasitic or saprophytic, without chlorophyll]
	plants WITHOUT milky juice
	plants NOT twining
	flowers NOT in heads or spikes; NOT [flowers in long or short spikes], NOT [flowers in heads or in form resembling a head]
	inflorescence usually scorpioid
	flowers with two floral rings, but with the petals wholly or partly united forming a tube or bell]
	corolla regular; NOT [corolla irregular]
	stamens alternating with corolla lobes, or twice their number; NOT [stamens directly in front of corolla lobes]
	stamens 4 or 5; NOT [stamens 8 or 10]
	style from center of lobes of ovary; NOT [style terminal]
	ovary superior; NOT [ovary inferior]
	fruit with 4 nutlets; NOT [fruit a berry or capsule]