|
Stigmas 3;
achenes three-sided, occasionally terete, though their shape may be
concealed by flattened perigynia. NOT [Stigmas 2; achenes
lenticular.] |
|
Spikes 2
or more per culm, terminal and lateral; spike bracts present on lateral
spikes (except in Section Phyllostachyae), lowest bract usually
evident, often conspicuous. NOT [Spikes 1 per culm, terminal;
spike bracts absent.] |
|
Lower
pistillate scales not bract-like or leaf-like but similar in size and
shape to individual perigynia (up to twice as long as perigynia in C.
magellanica ssp. irrigua). NOT [Lower pistillate scales
resembling green, leaf-like bracts much longer and wider than individual
perigynia.] |
|
Perigynia
glabrous (i.e. lacking pubescence). NOT [Perigynia sparsely to densely
pubescent or puberulent (in C. pedunculata pubescence represented
by very short hairs scattered near tip; in some species of Sect. Acrocystis,
perigynia may be glabrous or virtually hairless, but all members of this
group have convexly 3-sided to terete achenes with tight-fitting
perigynia and a stipe-like base about equal to beak in length).] |
|
Beak over
0.5 mm long and usually visibly bidentate (teeth hyaline in C.
sprengelii, inconspicuous in C. viridula, very short in C.
oligosperma). NOT [Beak absent or less than 0.5 mm long; if
more than 0.5 mm long, then terminating in an orifice without teeth.] |
|
Style
continuous with achene and persisting at maturity as a long, curved or
straight prong. NOT [Style jointed at base and deciduous from achene, if
present at maturity, breaks of readily when manipulated.] |
|
Perigynia
shorter and usually wider, usually at most only 4 times longer than
wide; staminate spikes much longer than individual perigynia; mostly
common species. NOT [Perigynia long and narrow, (8.7) 10-12.5 mm long,
1.5-2 mm wide, about 6 times longer than wide with long tapering tip;
staminate spike about same size, or smaller than, perigynia adjacent to
it; rare northern species.] |
|
Perigynia
20-200 per spike; leaves wider, not wiry; pistillate spikes 2-6, most
separate to overlapping. NOT [Perigynia 5-15 per spike; leaves 0.5-2.5
mm wide, involute, wiry; pistillate spikes few (1-2), remote (or upper
overlapping with staminate spike).] |
|
Lower
pistillate spikes short-stalked or sessile, erect to ascending; lower
part of pistillate scales more substantial, usually wider than 1 mm with
awn shorter than lower part although those at base of spike can be
narrower and long awned. NOT [Pistillate spikes on filiform stalks,
erect or often nodding; lower part of pistillate scales throughout spike
not much more than hyaline wings along bottom of long awn and no wider
than 1 mm.] |
|
Style base
straight or somewhat bent; perigynia 12-26 nerved; ventral strip
disintegrating into laddered fibers with age. NOT [Style base
contorted in an S shape; perigynia 6-15 nerved; ventral strip
membranous, not disintegrating into laddered fibers with age.] |
|
Beak
0.5-1.6 mm long; leaves 5-10 (21) mm wide; teeth to 0.7 (0.9 fna) mm
long, straight. NOT [Beak 2-3 (4) mm long; leaves 2-8 (10) mm
wide; teeth 0.8-3 mm long, straight, spreading or outwardly-curved.
Section Carex (C. atherodes, C. laeviconica).] |