Chamaedaphne: Answers to key questions in Budd's Flora and Flora of Alberta leading to this genus. 

	stems mostly erect; NOT [stems prostrate to decumbent or creeping]
	leaves alternate; NOT [leaves opposite]
	leaves wider; NOT [leaves linear, less than 2 mm wide]
	leaves brownish scurfy; NOT [leaves green, not scurfy]
	leaves not white glaucous below
	leaves not scaly resinous below
	leaves not rusty tomentose below
	inflorescence a leafy secund raceme
	NOT [flowers in terminal clusters]
	flowers 5-merous; NOT [flowers 4-merous]
	petals more or less united; NOT [petals free]
	corolla cylindrical; NOT [corolla broadly cup-shaped]
	corolla white
	anthers awnless
	ovary superior; NOT [ovary inferior]
	fruit a dry capsule; NOT [fruit fleshy]

Ericaceae: Answers to key questions in Budd's Flora leading to this family.  Note all the answers do not apply to all members of Ericaceae, but they all do apply to Chamaedaphne.

	shrubs or trees; NOT [herbs]
	leaves alternate; NOT [leaves opposite or whorled]
	flowers not in heads
	flowers with two floral rings
	petals wholly or partly united forming a tube or bell
	ovary superior; NOT [ovary inferior]
	fruit usually a capsule, sometimes a mealy-fleshy drupe; NOT [fruit fleshy]
	fruit many-seeded; NOT [fruit 1-seeded]