Potentilla pensylvanica

           
Prairie Cinquefoil

Basal Leaf Top

Rowan's Ravine Provincial Park
02-July-05

Note that the key to the species in Flora of Alberta requires that P. pensylvanica have  "leaves generally with 5-9 leaflets", not "leaves generally with 9-21 leaflets".  This specimen has a basal leaf with 11 leaflets.  This is consistent with Flora of the Great Plains which describes P. pensylvanica as having basal leaves with 5-19 leaflets.

Pensylvanica: Answers to key questions in Budd's Flora and Flora of Alberta leading to this species.  

plant herb-like; NOT shrubby, NOT with woody base

perennial plant with stout rootstock, often showing old bases of leaves; NOT [annual or biennial plant without perennial rootstocks]

plants of drier habitats; NOT [a decumbent plant of aquatic and marshy habitats]

plants WITHOUT runners

stems mostly 10-50 cm high; NOT mostly 5-15 cm high

plants usually NOT glandular-hairy

plants NOT appressed strigose hairy throughout

woolly velutinous to densely sericeous below; but lacking underlying crinkly hairs; NOT [sericeous below with underlying or marginal crinkly hairs]

basal leaves pinnate; NOT [trifoliate or 5-9-digitate]

leaflets separate, the leaves distinctly pinnate; NOT [leaflets often approximate, the leaves appearing subdigitate]

basal leaves generally with 5-9 leaflets; NOT [generally with 9-21 leaflets]

leaflets white or a different shade of green below; NOT green on both sides (Budd's Flora)

leaves with abundant appressed to spreading sericeous hairs on lower surface; leaves NOT [green above and below] (Flora of Alberta)

leaves densely woolly-hairy below, conspicuously veined above; NOT [leaflets sparsely hairy, mostly on veins] (Flora of Alberta)

lower surface of leaves NOT densely white tomentose, NOT [tomentose and overlain with sericeous hairs] (Flora of Alberta)

leaves grayish pilose to hirsute below; NOT white tomentose below (Budd's Flora)

leaflets pale green or grayish pilose to glandular below; NOT white tomentose below (Budd's Flora)

flowers few-many, in terminal cymes; NOT [solitary on naked peduncles, mostly from nodes of stolons]

bractlets about as long as sepals; NOT much longer than sepals

bractlets mostly narrower than sepals; NOT [as wide as or wider than sepals]

petals yellow; NOT white, NOT yellowish white, NOT reddish purple

petals generally longer than sepals; NOT [as long as or slightly shorter than the sepals]

petals somewhat longer than sepals; NOT much longer than sepals

petals 4-6 mm long; NOT 3-5 mm long

stamens 5-20; NOT 25-30

styles arising near top of ovary; styles NOT nearly basal in origin

styles tapered from base; styles NOT slender-fusiform

achenes generally smooth; NOT hairy

 

Potentilla: Answers to key questions in Budd's Flora and Flora of Alberta leading to this genus.

herbs, or with a woody base and otherwise herbaceous; NOT shrubs, NOT trees

leaves compound; NOT [simple, usually toothed]

leaves NOT much dissected into linear lobes

basal leaves with more than 3 leaflets

hypanthium LACKING hooked prickles

calyx double, with 2 rings of lobes, the outer ones smaller than the inner; calyx NOT [simple, of 5 lobes]

petals usually longer than the sepals; petals NOT [small, little if any longer than the sepals]

stamens 10-many; NOT 5

carpels 10-many; NOT 5-20, NOT 2 (Flora of Alberta)

style articulated at base and deciduous from the achene; NOT jointed near the middle, NOT [hooked or plumose], NOT persisting in the fruit

style much shorter than the achene; NOT [much longer than the achene]

carpels becoming achenes (sometimes on a fleshy receptacle); carpels NOT [becoming druplets (raspberry-like)]

 

Rosaceae: Answers to key questions in Budd's Flora leading to this family.

herbs; NOT shrubs, NOT trees

plants terrestrial or semi-aquatic; plants NOT aquatic, leaves NOT submerged, leaves NOT floating

plants NOT with colored milky juice

plants with more than one normal leaf

some or all leaves alternate

leaves with stipules

flowers with two floral rings, and with each petal distinct from the others

flowers regular in shape

calyx regular

stamens usually separate or partly so; NOT in a column

stamens usually numerous; NOT [5 or 10]

ovary of one or more carpels, either separate or enclosed by a fleshy receptacle; NOT ovary of 5 united carpels